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Most of us have experienced the sensation of indigestion (Upset Stomach) – ‘fullness’, cramps and discomfort in the abdomen following a meal. It can also be accompanied by a burning sensation above the breastbone (heartburn) and/or fullness in the stomach (bloating). Indigestion is also known as dyspepsia and tends to cause flatulence and intestinal gas. Indigestion is another name for an upset stomach.

At some stage of our lives, most of us will experience a bout of the rather unpleasant condition - diarrhea. Most of us experience two bowel movements per day, and have firm stools. When stools are watery or liquid and very loose – and this occurs three or more times a day, it is known as diarrhea. For most, this condition lasts a day or two, but if it persists, it may be a reason for concern, or point to a more serious condition.

A duodenal ulcer is a raw area or open sore (ulcer) that develops when there is a break in the lining of the duodenum, the upper part of the small intestine which is connected to the stomach. When food passes from your mouth, it moves through the esophagus and into your stomach. From the stomach, it travels into the duodenum. The duodenum produces chemicals and mucus, which protects the tissues and covers the surface from the acid. If the acid damages this protection by breaking through the lining of the duodenum, an ulcer occurs.

Belching, also known as burping (medical term is called aerophagia) is quite natural and happens in all of us. It can be uncomfortable but most of all, very embarrassing! It is considered socially unacceptable but in some cultures, belching after eating is a sign of appreciation for the meal.

Abdominal Pain can by symptomatic of a variety of conditions, ranging from the less serious ones such as indigestion, heartburn, intestinal gas, excess stomach acid, acid reflux, nausea and stomach ache – to the more serious conditions such as Gastric ulcers, Diverticulitis, Peptic Ulcers, Duodenal Ulcers, Gallstones, Irritable Bowel Syndrome IBD, Dyspepsia and Tympanites. If abdominal pain is chronic, or does not go away, it is always advised that you consult your doctor for further investigation.

Abdominal swelling, also known as stomach bloating or abdominal distention, is a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of intestinal gas. The abdominal wall swells when gas is trapped in the intestines or peritoneal cavity – gas is produced at a higher rate than normal. Your abdomen feels full and tight, even when you have not eaten.

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that causes excessive sleepiness without warning and at inappropriate times. When a person has Narcolepsy, the brain is unable to regulate the sleep-wake cycles normally. Numerous factors contribute to sleep disturbances and neurological dysfunction. As a result, both daytime and night-time sleep attacks occur.

Jaundice is the term used to describe the yellowish appearance of the skin and whites of the eyes that occurs when the blood contains an excess amount of pigmentation. This pigmentation is known as bilirubin, a natural product that occurs from the normal breakdown of red blood cells by the spleen in the body. It is then carried to the liver to be excreted in the bile. Jaundice is not a disease, but is most affected as a result liver diseases.

Common pain in the belly (abdomen) is usually related to indigestion or an upset stomach. This occurs when the digestion process is more difficult than usual for the body to perform. This may occur as a result of certain foods, eating too fast or eating food that is past its sell-by-date. Stomach ache can also occur as a result of certain conditions – some physical, such as a ‘tummy bug’, flu, gastritis or Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and some psychological conditions – such as stress and anxiety.

Foul smelling stool is a topic that is not frequently discussed. While we are fully aware that feces exude an unpleasant odor, this odor is quite common. Foul-smelling feces or stools occurs largely as a result of a poor diet, especially when the diet contains foods and liquids with artificial flavors, refined sugar, white flour and hormone-filled meat.